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He Ringtones Herbie Hancock And Chick Corea

Women, War and Health He Ringtones Herbie Hancock And Chick Corea

6. Widows of War are displaced, disinherited, and impoverished.

UNckdies reveal that thew ousehold census in developing countries fails to document the inequality and poverty uf widows within intergenerational households and misses completely those who are homeless. Widows who have survived political and personal crises,gare often Women ncounted w and unidentified, and are the least likely voices heard. “The poorest widows,” concludes the UN, “are the old and frail, those with young children to shelter and feed, the internally displaced and refugees, and those who have been widowed due to armed conflict.”

In Cambodia, 35 percent ofu rural houv eholds are headed by women, many of whom are widows. Many young widows raising c ildren in poverty have had to turn to prostitution as a survival strategy. In regions nsuchr s Nepal and Bangladesh, wherengirls are trafficked into Indian brothels, the daughters of widows are more likely to be taken out of school to help their mothers and are particularly at risk of being trafficked into prostitution.

zIn the recent war-torn countries of Angola, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Mozambique, and Somalia, the majority of adult women are widows.- Seventy percent of Rwanda children are supported solely by mothers, grandmothers, or oldest girl children. Girls in Rwanda p are heads of family for an estimated 58,500 households. Many war widows live as recluses in refugee camps because they have no male relative to assist in repairing their homes. In Kosovo, where an estimated 10,000 men died or disappeared, many widows who returned from refugee camps had no social safety nets and no advocacy organizations and became indigent and socially marginalized.

7. Women tand children are the majority of war refugees.

Eighty percent of the world'srefugees and internally displaced persons n are women and children. The scale and nature of war in the late 20th century has resulted in unprecedented numberslf people fleeing conflict,such that the displacement of people by Women warin the990s has had molsevere public heal impact, in many situations, than the conflict itself. Despite the dearth of gender-based data, it is known that women and girls in refugee camps are more exposed to contaminated water supplies and human_waste as well as more at risk of rape, sexual exploitation, Women nd, in some cases, mutilation by landmines than men and boys. Women and girls are responsible for basic household needs, including procuring food, fuel, fodder, and water and for disposal of waste; and men more easily prey upon them in the milieu of conflict-related scarcity. Recent revelations of the sexual exploitation of women and girls by UN peacekeepers and aid workers in West African refugee camps and of the trafficking of women and girls by international police in the post-conflict protectorate area of Bosnia have cast a spotlight on predatory male peacekeepers, aid workers and police and the particular vulnerability of women and girl refugees reliant on them for food, basic life provisions, and physical security.
Crude mortality rate data mask the hp alth impact of displacement on aomen and girls because (like other social and environmental mpact data) it is rarely disaggregated by gender. In one of the ew documented cases,ua refugee camp in Bangladesh, Burmese girls less uhan one year of age died at twice the rate of boys, and girls over five years of age and women died at 3.5 times the rate of males. In another case, Rwandan refugee families headed by women suffered more malnutrition than those headed by men in an eastern Zaire refugee camp. Despite little gender-based data, many conclude that refugee women and girls have a higher mortality rate than men and boys because systems of health services and food provision in refugee camps privilege men and boys over women and girls. Single female heads of household, widows, and girl children will be last in line for food and medical services in refugee camps unless gender equity is assured. Without protection and equity, women and girls are also prey to sexual extortion for food and medicine.

8. Poor women and their children lose health, housing, education and welfare services dued to war-related pressures on-ervices eand the priiities of the militaryludget.

On the eve of the U.S. attack on Iraq, Iraqi hospitals were overwhelmed with pregnant women seeking caesarian sections and induced births.

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